高考英语复习知识点概要battle, war, fight, struggle battle, war, fight, struggle war指战争的总体；battle指war中的战斗或战役；fight指具体的人与人之间或动物之间的争斗；struggle指长时间、激烈的争斗，多指肉体、精神上的战斗。对比： We have had two world wars in this century.本世纪已有两次世界大战。 They were wounded in the battle.他们在战斗中受了伤。 We have started a fight against pollution. 我们已开始了一场消除污染的斗争。 His life was a hard struggle with sickness.他一生跟疾病作了艰苦的斗争。 [应用]英译汉 ①in time of war           ②be at war ③declare war on…         ④fight a battle ⑤give/offer battle        ⑥have a hand-to-hand fight Key:①战时      ②交战，在打仗 ③对……宣战      ④打一仗 挑战 ⑤肉搏战 七年级上册单词跟读 免费英语听力在线播放 八年级上册英语单词音频 伴随状语可用现在分词也可用过去分词 He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased. 本句有三个并列谓语，looking 部分为伴随状语。 例题  1）He held up his finger ,_______ a face and nodded his head.A．making     B. made 答案：B.此题有and ，需连接并列结构，所填词的形式应与前后保持一致。 2) He sat there in silence, _______sad and doing nothing.A. looking                     B. looked 答案：A.此题and 之后ing形式，其前面也应该用ing形式，而不能与前面的sat并列。 3)He sat there in silence ,______ nothing.A.doing              B.did 答案：A.此题才是在逗号之后，需要伴随状误。 4)He set out early, ________ there on time .A.arriving                    B. and arrived 答案：B.此题两种选项从形式看都有可能，但根据意思看，“到达”并不伴随“出发”的动作，而是明显地有先有后。 5)He made a smile, _____ with the result.  A. satisfying           B. satisfied 答案：B.伴随状语可用现在分词也可用过去分词，此处表示“感到满意”的一种状态，而satisfying表示令人满意的，此时的satisfied是过去分词，而不是过去式。 be about to do sth. 正要、即将做某事。是将来时的一种表达方式，表示最近的将来。 ①I was about to go to bed when he called.我正要去睡觉，这时他打来了电话。 ②When I saw Tom, he was about to get on the bus.我看到汤姆，他正要上汽车。 注意：be about to 通常不用于带有具体时间状语的句子，但可用be going to 表示。 ①Hurry up! They are about to start.快点！他们就要走了。 ②Hurry up! They are going to start at 10 o’clock.快点！10点钟他们就要走了。 take…in one’s arms 该结构意为“拥抱”。如： He went into classroom, taking some books in his arms. As a child….:As/When he was a child…，小的时候，该句型中的as为连词，意为“在……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。当从句与主句主语一致，且从句谓语为be时，可将从句主语及be省略。 ①Even as(he was)a student,Professor Smith showed great interest in maths.甚至上学的时候，史密斯教授对数学就很感兴趣。 ②As(he was)a boy,he liked playing table tennis with the grown-ups.小时候，他就喜欢和大人们打乒乓球。