疑问词+ever的用法归纳 “疑问词 + ever”是近年来高考英语的一个考查热点，在各版本的中学英语教材中出现频率较高，而且是学生理解和掌握的一个难点。从不同角度论述这方面内容的文章很多，本文试图别辟蹊径，简单明了地归纳讲解这一问题。    “疑问词 + ever ”可分为两类，“疑问代词 + ever ”： whatever / whichever / whoever (宾格 whomever )和“疑问副词 + ever ”： wherever / whenever / however.   不论是“疑问代词 + ever ”还是“疑问副词 + ever ”，其意义都是“不管 / 无论 + 该疑问词的本义”。   1. “疑问代词 + ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句)。   (1)引导让步状语从句。此时 whatever / whoever / whichever 分别等于“ no matter + what / who / which”。例如：   Whatever happened， he wouldn't say a word. = No matter what happened， he wouldn't say a word.    Whoever says so， it is wrong. = No matter who says so， it is wrong.   Whichever dictionary you (may) take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. = No matter which dictionary you (may) take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.   注意：这类从句中应用一般现在时表将来，从句中也常用情态动词 may / might . 新概念mp3 必修五英语单词表 英语单词趣味记忆法   (2)引导名词性从句。例如：   Whoever smokes here will be punished. (主语从句)   Beggars will eat whatever they are given. (宾语从句)   Whichever he likes will be given to him. (主语从句)   You may invite whoever / whomever you like. (常用 whoever 代替 whomever)   此时它们都不能换成“ no matter + 疑问词”的形式，但 whoever 等于 anyone who， whatever 等于 anything that.    2. “疑问副词 +ever ”： wherever / whenever / however 一般只能引导一种类型的从句，即让步状语从句，此时它们分别等于“ no matter + where / when / how ”。例如：   Wherever he goes (may go). I'll follow him. = No matter where he goes (may go)，I'll follow him.   Whenever I wisited him， he was always busy working. = No matter when I visited him， he was always busy working.   However late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. = No matter how late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.   注意：当 however 用作连接副词时也可引导名词性从句，而 whenever/ wherever 则不能引导名词性从句。例如：   I'll give you however much money you need. (宾语从句，此时 however 不能改成 no matter how )。   3. 另外， whatever / whichever / whoever 与 whenever / wherever / however 分别可相当于 what / which / who 与 when / where / how 的强调式，引起的特殊疑问句往往是简单句，与原疑问词的意思、用法完全相同，只是表达的语气更为强烈，翻译时可加上“到底；究竟”等。例如：   What(ever) are you doing ？ 你(到底)在干什么？   Which(ever) do you want to buy ？ 你(究竟)要买哪一个？   Who(ever) told you such a foolish story？ (究竟)是谁讲给你这么蠢的事？   When(ever) can I enjoy a long vacation？ (究竟)什么时候才能给我放个长假呢？   Where(ever) did you leave your dictionary？ 你(究竟)把词典放哪儿了？   How(ever) did you collect so much money？ 你(到底)是怎样筹到这么多钱的？